The City of Bristol's Garden Wine Gardens: Grape-Treading Fruit in Urban Spaces
Each quarter of an hour or so, an older diesel train pulls into a graffiti-covered stop. Nearby, a police siren cuts through the near-constant road noise. Commuters hurry past collapsing, ivy-draped fencing panels as storm clouds form.
It is perhaps the last place you expect to find a well-established grape-growing plot. But one local grower has managed to four dozen established plants heavy with plump purplish grapes on a sprawling garden plot sandwiched between a line of historic homes and a local rail line just above Bristol downtown.
"I've noticed individuals hiding illegal substances or other items in those bushes," states the grower. "But you simply continue ... and keep tending to your vines."
Bayliss-Smith, 46, a filmmaker who runs a kombucha drinks business, is not the only urban winemaker. He's organized a loose collective of growers who produce vintage from four discreet urban vineyards nestled in back gardens and allotments throughout the city. The project is sufficiently underground to have an official name yet, but the group's WhatsApp group is named Grape Expectations.
Urban Wine Gardens Around the World
To date, the grower's allotment is the only one registered in the City Vineyard Network's forthcoming world atlas, which features more famous urban wineries such as the eighteen hundred vines on the slopes of the French capital's renowned artistic district area and more than three thousand grapevines with views of and inside Turin. The Italian-based charitable organization is at the forefront of a movement reviving city vineyards in traditional winemaking nations, but has identified them all over the globe, including cities in Japan, South Asia and Central Asia.
"Grape gardens assist urban areas stay greener and more diverse. They protect land from construction by establishing long-term, yielding agricultural units inside urban environments," says the association's president.
Like all wines, those created in urban areas are a result of the earth the vines thrive in, the unpredictability of the weather and the individuals who tend the grapes. "Each vintage embodies the charm, local spirit, landscape and heritage of a urban center," notes the spokesperson.
Mystery Polish Variety
Back in the city, Bayliss-Smith is in a race against time to gather the grapevines he cultivated from a plant abandoned in his allotment by a Eastern European household. If the rain comes, then the pigeons may take advantage to attack once more. "Here we have the mystery Eastern European grape," he comments, as he cleans damaged and rotten berries from the glistering clusters. "We don't really know what variety they are, but they're definitely disease-resistant. In contrast to premium grapes – Pinot Noir, white wine grapes and additional renowned European varieties – you don't have to spray them with chemicals ... this is possibly a special variety that was developed by the Eastern Bloc."
Collective Activities Across Bristol
The other members of the collective are additionally taking advantage of bright periods between showers of fall precipitation. At a rooftop garden overlooking the city's shimmering waterfront, where medieval merchant vessels once floated with casks of wine from Europe and the Iberian peninsula, one cultivator is harvesting her rondo grapes from approximately 50 vines. "I adore the smell of the grapevines. The scent is so evocative," she says, pausing with a basket of fruit slung over her shoulder. "It recalls the fragrance of Provence when you open the vehicle windows on vacation."
Grant, 52, who has devoted more than 20 years working for charitable groups in conflict zones, inadvertently took over the grape garden when she moved back to the United Kingdom from Kenya with her household in 2018. She felt an overwhelming duty to maintain the vines in the garden of their new home. "This vineyard has previously endured multiple proprietors," she says. "I really like the idea of natural stewardship – of handing this down to future caretakers so they can keep cultivating from this land."
Sloping Vineyards and Traditional Production
Nearby, the remaining cultivators of the collective are busily laboring on the precipitous slopes of Avon Gorge. Jo Scofield has cultivated more than one hundred fifty vines perched on ledges in her wild half-acre garden, which descends towards the muddy River Avon. "Visitors frequently express amazement," she notes, indicating the interwoven grape garden. "It's astonishing to them they are viewing grapevine lines in a city street."
Currently, the filmmaker, sixty, is harvesting bunches of dusty purple dark berries from rows of vines arranged along the cliff-side with the help of her child, her family member. Scofield, a wildlife and conservation film-maker who has worked on streaming service's nature programming and television network's Gardeners' World, was motivated to cultivate vines after observing her neighbor's vines. She has learned that amateurs can produce interesting, pleasurable traditional vintage, which can sell for more than £7 a serving in the growing number of wine bars specialising in minimal-intervention wines. "It is incredibly satisfying that you can actually make good, traditional vintage," she states. "It is quite on trend, but really it's reviving an traditional method of producing vintage."
"During foot-stomping the grapes, the various natural microorganisms are released from the surfaces and enter the juice," explains the winemaker, partially submerged in a bucket of small branches, seeds and crimson juice. "That's how vintages were historically produced, but commercial producers introduce sulphur [dioxide] to kill the wild yeast and subsequently incorporate a commercially produced culture."
Challenging Environments and Inventive Approaches
In the immediate vicinity active senior Bob Reeve, who inspired Scofield to plant her vines, has assembled his companions to pick white wine varieties from the 100 vines he has laid out neatly across two terraces. Reeve, a Lancashire-born physical education instructor who taught at Bristol University cultivated an interest in wine on regular visits to Europe. But it is a challenge to grow this particular variety in the humidity of the valley, with temperature fluctuations sweeping in and out from the nearby estuary. "I aimed to make Burgundian wines in this location, which is somewhat ambitious," says Reeve with amusement. "Chardonnay is slow-maturing and particularly vulnerable to fungal infections."
"My goal was creating Burgundian wines here, which is a bit bonkers"
The unpredictable local weather is not the only problem faced by grape cultivators. Reeve has had to install a barrier on